How to judge whether you have a common cold or swine flu？ This is how you usually prevent the flu.

　　Beijing, January 7 (Xinhua)-A stream in winter has entered a period of high incidence. Many people thought it was just a common cold at first after getting the flu, but it became more and more serious after a few days of treatment, so they paid attention to it. It should be noted that influenza A (H1N1) is not an ordinary cold, but an acute respiratory infectious disease. The pathogen is a new type of influenza A (H1N1) virus, which is very easy to spread among people.

　　Transmission route

　　A stream is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract through saliva droplets, and can also be transmitted through direct or indirect contact with mucous membranes in the mouth, nose and eyes. Contact with patients’ respiratory secretions, body fluids and items contaminated by viruses may also cause infection.

　　Vulnerable population

　　Originally known as swine flu, H1N1 is a zoonotic disease and an acute respiratory infectious disease. People are generally susceptible to influenza A (H1N1) virus and will infect each other. Pregnant women, obese people, children (children under 5 years old, especially those under 2 years old) and the elderly are susceptible and high-risk groups.

　　Compared with B-stream, A-stream has stronger infection rate, faster spread speed and greater influence. A student is infected, and a class may be recruited. Moreover, the H1N1 virus is prone to mutation, cross-infection between animals and people, and is more pathogenic. Through talking, sneezing and droplets attached to the surface of pollutants, the probability of infection is very high.

　　How is it different from the common cold?

　　Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. Influenza viruses are divided into four types: Type A, Type B, Type C and Type D. At present, people are mainly infected with H1N1, H3N2 subtypes of influenza A virus (collectively referred to as "influenza A") and influenza B virus (influenza B), and the same person can be infected with different subtypes of influenza viruses many times.

　　There are three kinds of colds:

　　● Common cold and pharyngitis cold, both of which can be cured within 1 week;

　　● And the third one — — Influenza is easy to be complicated with bacterial infection. It has a high incidence and strong infectivity, especially influenza A virus, which is easy to mutate and has caused many worldwide pandemics.

　　Symptoms of swine flu

　　The early symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of common flu, including fever, cough, sore throat, body pain, headache, chills and general fatigue, and some patients may have symptoms such as diarrhea or vomiting and muscle pain. If you feel unwell and have a high fever, you must go to the hospital for a blood test. Early examination, diagnosis, through some antiviral drugs, the condition of influenza A can be controlled quickly.

　　After being infected with swine flu, most patients can be cured in a short period of time, which is not as terrible as imagined. Then why do people still die of the flu? Mainly due to complications, the death rate of swine flu is 6/10000. If it is not treated in time, it will develop into pneumonia, myocarditis, renal failure, respiratory failure, etc., and it will die step by step. Generally, severe influenza patients are people with poor resistance. Children under 5 years old or elderly people over 65 years old are more likely to develop into severe cases if they are infected with influenza virus, so they need to be vigilant.

　　The invisible killer behind the flu: severe pneumonia

　　No matter what kind of cold, after a cold, the resistance of human respiratory mucosa decreases, resulting in secondary bacterial, fungal and viral infections, which will lead to pneumonia. Pulmonary infectious diseases rank fifth in the cause of death in China. The death rate of swine flu is 6/10000. If it is not treated in time, it will develop into pneumonia, myocarditis, renal failure, respiratory failure and so on, and gradually die. Generally, severe influenza patients are people with poor resistance. Children under 5 years old or elderly people over 65 years old are more likely to develop into severe cases if they are infected with influenza virus, so they need to be vigilant.

　　Influenza is more likely to cause severe pneumonia than a cold, so it needs to be prevented and treated in time.

　　Don’t use antibiotics for flu.

　　Influenza is a viral infection and should be treated with antiviral drugs. Antibiotics are a kind of drugs that kill bacteria, so they can’t effectively fight against virus infection. Improper use of antibiotics will promote bacteria to develop drug resistance.

　　Prevention of swine flu

　　Of all the means to prevent diseases, vaccine is the best one. Vaccination with influenza vaccine can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications. It is recommended that the elderly, children, pregnant women, patients with chronic diseases, medical staff and other high-risk groups of influenza should be vaccinated first every year. The current influenza vaccine can prevent three types of influenza at a time. Usually, after 2 weeks of influenza vaccination, protective antibodies can be produced.

　　Besides flu vaccination, how to prevent flu in peacetime?

　　1. Wash your hands frequently, and be sure to wash your hands with hand sanitizer or soap. Wash your hands after coughing or sneezing. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with paper towels and towels, and try to avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.

　　2. Keep the environment clean and ventilated, minimize activities in crowded places, take children out to play, and it is best to go to parks and other places with good ventilation.

　　3. Try to avoid contact with patients with respiratory tract infection. If you do, wear a mask and wash your hands frequently. If there are people in the family who are infected with the flu, it is recommended to isolate them as much as possible and reduce mutual contact.

　　4. It is best to rest at home and seek medical treatment as soon as possible if symptoms of respiratory infection appear.

　　5. Pay attention to rest, avoid fatigue, eat healthily and strengthen physical exercise.